Anticorpo contra o vírus C da hepatite em pacientes sob programa de hemodiálise em Salvador, BA, Brasil / Antibodies to hepatitis C virus in patients undergoing hemodialysis in Salvador, BA, Brazil

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C infection in hemodialysis units has been evaluated in different geographic regions. AIMS: The prevalence of anti-HCV in patients undergoing hemodialysis program in the city of Salvador, State of Bahia, Brazil, was studied and its association with transfusions, duration of hemodialysis and ALT elevation. METHOD: During a period of 17 months, all patients undergoing dialytic treatment, were evaluated. The total number of patients was 395, all of whom completed a questionnaire and provided serum samples for laboratory analysis. Serological levels were measured for ALT and the samples were tested for anti-HCV using ELISA II with a further confirmation using RIBA III. RESULTS: Anti-HCV was positive in 23.8 per cent (94/395). The presence of transfusions was associated with anti-HCV and as the number of transfusions used increased, so did the frequency of anti-HCV. Of the patients who never received transfusions, 12.5 per cent (6/48) were anti-HCV positive. The duration of dialytic treatment lasted from 53.44 +/- 36.45 months in the anti-HCV positive group and 22.10 +/- 22.75 months for the group testing negative. ALT elevation was more frequent in the anti-HCV positive group. Positivity for the RIBA III fractions was 79.8 per cent, 100 per cent, 80.9 per cent and 52.1 per cent, for c100-3, c33, c22 and NS5, respectively. The anti-NS5 was even less frequent in the group with elevated ALT. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of anti-HCV in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis in Salvador, Bahia, is elevated and it is associated with transfusions, a longer duration of dialytic treatment and ALT elevation.