Glutamine and glutamate as vital metabolites
Braz. j. med. biol. res
;
36(2): 153-163, Feb. 2003. ilus
Artigo
em Inglês
| LILACS
| ID: lil-326431
RESUMO
Glucose is widely accepted as the primary nutrient for the maintenance and promotion of cell function. This metabolite leads to production of ATP, NADPH and precursors for the synthesis of macromolecules such as nucleic acids and phospholipids. We propose that, in addition to glucose, the 5-carbon amino acids glutamine and glutamate should be considered to be equally important for maintenance and promotion of cell function. The functions of glutamine/glutamate are many, i.e., they are substrates for protein synthesis, anabolic precursors for muscle growth, they regulate acid-base balance in the kidney, they are substrates for ureagenesis in the liver and for hepatic and renal gluconeogenesis, they act as an oxidative fuel for the intestine and cells of the immune system, provide inter-organ nitrogen transport, and act as precursors of neurotransmitter synthesis, of nucleotide and nucleic acid synthesis and of glutathione production. Many of these functions are interrelated with glucose metabolism. The specialized aspects of glutamine/glutamate metabolism of different glutamine-utilizing cells are discussed in the context of glucose requirements and cell function
Texto completo:
DisponíveL
Índice:
LILACS (Américas)
Assunto principal:
Fenômenos Fisiológicos Celulares
/
Glucose
/
Glutamatos
/
Glutamina
Limite:
Humanos
Idioma:
Inglês
Revista:
Braz. j. med. biol. res
Assunto da revista:
Biologia
/
Medicina
Ano de publicação:
2003
Tipo de documento:
Artigo
País de afiliação:
Brasil
/
Irlanda
/
Estados Unidos
Instituição/País de afiliação:
Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences/US
/
Universidade Estadual de Maringá/BR
/
Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba/BR
/
Universidade de São Paulo/BR
/
University College of Dublin/IE
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