Adultos Mayores institucionalizados en Chile: ¿cómo saber cuántos son? / Estimation of the number of institutionalized elderly in Chile

ABSTRACT

Background: Elderly people (>60 years) in Chile represented 11.4 percent (n=1.717.478) of the total population in 2002. The group with disabilities or mental problems is increasing and there is no reliable information about the number of institutionalized elderly subjects. Aim: To estimate the number of elderly people living in residences for long term care and their and main characteristics. Patients and methods: Chilean Census does not provide exact information about institutional care, therefore we developed a ©proxy¼ indicator of the percentage of institutionalized elderly (those living in ©collective residences with more than 5 elderly persons and in which they represent more than 25 percent of the residents¼. This proxy has a R2=0.9859 with the true value of institutionalized persons for those Latin-American countries with exact value in census data at CELADE. Results: Using the proxy we found that institutionalized elderly population had increased from 14,114 (1992) to 26,854 (2002) and is projected to reach 83,500 (2025). In 2002, there were 1.668 institutions (37.4 percent informal care). In the Metropolitan Area, there were 804 institutions (14.178 elderly persons) and 40.3 percent of these were registered at the Ministry of Health. The proportion of institutionalized elderly subjects was 1.56 percent of the total elderly population; this proportion increased from 0.87 percent in subjects 60-74 years old to 2.5 percent among subjects aged 75-84 years and 6.1 percent in subjects 85 years old and over. Among subjects living in institutions, 60.9 were women, 21 percent were married, 35 percent were single, approximately 50 percent receive a pension and around 15 percent were handicapped. Conclusions: Institutional care affects a small percentage of elderly population, but it will increase in the near future. The main characteristics of institutionalized elderly subjects are not well known. We propose to create a formal Registry of these institutions and to include Nursing Homes and hospitals in type of housing of future Censuses.