Medicina alternativa y complementaria / Complementary and alternative medicine

RESUMO

This article is an invitation to reflect on what is termed Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) and its potential impact on the way we normally practice Western-style medicine. CAM is defined, and its relation with traditional medicine (TM) is discussed. Features are mentioned that could provide a core identity for this heterogeneous group of practices that the West includes in CAM/TM. Data is presented on the extent to which CAM/TM is practiced in the world, who uses it, for what illnesses, and why they opt for this type of health care. Trends in terms of safety and effectiveness are discussed, as well as the evidence from tests supporting these practices. Finally, possible challenges are presented both for those who practice traditional Western medicine and for CAM/TM practitioners. As the former, we must break away from the taboo, the prejudice, the ignorance, and the indifference with which we view non-conventional forms and practices. The challenge for the latter is to develop supervisory and qualification mechanisms at least among peer practitioners, provide practice records with indications and contraindications, and furnish solid proof of safety and effectiveness using universal standards for the practices and products used. Progress in these areas could lead toward tolerance, respect, and the ties necessary to achieve a stronger integrated or convergent type of medicine that focuses on the individual and respects his or her culture, needs, lacks, ailments, beliefs, and choices.