Prevalencia de infección por parásitos intestinales en escolares de primaria de Santiago de Surco, Lima, Perú / Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in primary schoolchildren of Santiago de Surco, Lima, Peru

RESUMO

In Peru, parasitoses of digestive gut has been widely studied, because they are a very frequent problem in Public Health. These diseases of nature infectiose-parasitarie can affect growth and development of schoolchildren. The aim of current research was to determinate prevalence of infection of enteroparasites in primary schoolchildren of three national schools of an urban zone from Santiago de Surco district, Lima, Peru between 2004 and 2005. A coproparasitological survey to 192 children in fresh faeces fixed in 10% formaline, previous homogenization employing conventional exams by direct microscopy dyed with lugol, and by spontaneous Tube Sedimentation technique were performed. In addition, eggs of Enterobius vermicularis employing Graham technique were searched. Twelve pathogen enteroparasites or commensals were diagnosed: Giardia duodenalis (4.7%), Chilomastix mesnilii (0.5%), Entamoeba coli (22.9%), Endolimax nana (19.3%), Iodamoeba butschlii (3.1%), Blastocystis hominis (12.5%), Hymenolepis nana (1.0%), Hymenolepis diminuta (0.5%), Ancylostoma duodenale - Necator americanus (1.6%), Trichuris trichiura (0.5%), Ascaris lumbricoides (1.6%), and E. vermicularis (10.4%). Total prevalence of infection, polyparasitism, helminth infection, and protozoan infection were 54.7%, 18.2%, 14.6% and 47.4%, respectively. PCA, showed in PC1, helminths are more relationed with presence of domestic animals, and in PC2, patogenic protozoan with absence of drinking water and sewage services, and with absence of animals in houses. Programs of sanitary and environmental education of coproparasites should be improved and implemented in Lima, Peru.