The influence of hypothyroidism on liver regeneration: an experimental study in rats

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The influence of hypothyroidism in liver regeneration has been a controversial opinions. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between hypothyroidism and liver regeneration in rats. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats divided into two groups of 20 specimens each. One group (C) consisted of euthyroid rats, and the other (H) of hypothyroid rats. All the animals were anesthetized with xylazine and ketamine and subjected to a longitudinal incision in the anterior cervical region. The thyroid was completely resected in group H and left intact in group C. Ten days after the first surgery, both groups of rats were weighed and submitted to partial hepatectomy, in which the left lateral and median lobes were resected and weighed. Examinations were carried out after 24 hours and, on day 7, using 3 methods: KWON et al.'s formula to identify increase in volume; mitotic figure count in five fields; and the percentage of PCNA-positive nuclei in five fields. RESULTS: Using KWON's formula, the regeneration rate for Group C after 24 hours was 58.49 percent whereas that for Group H was 50.42 percent (p=0.0165). After 7 days, the regeneration rate for Group C was 93.04 percent and Group H 93.74 percent (p=0.2165). The average number of mitotic figures after 24 hours was 14 ± 1.5 for Group C and 9.8 ± 2.2 for Group H (p=0,00016). After 7 days the corresponding figures were 5.4 ± 1.1 and 5.1 ± 1.2 (p=0,6343). The average number of PCNA-positive nuclei after 24 hours was 13.55 ± 3.84 in Group C and 7.7 ± 2.11 in Group H (p =0,0006)). The corresponding figures after 7 days were 3.5 ± 2.39 for Group C and 4.11 ± 1.90 for Group H (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: We conclude that hypothyroidism in rats causes a delay in hepatic regeneration in the first 24 hours, but that after seven days the rate of regeneration is equal to that in euthyroid rats.

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A influência do hipotireoidismo na regeneração hepatica tem opiniões controvérsas. OBJETIVO: Identificar a relação entre o hipotireoidismo e a regeneração hepatica, em ratos. MÉTODOS: Quarenta ratos Wistar, machos, divididos em dois grupos de 20 animais. Um grupo (C) constituído de ratos eutireoideanos e outro (H) de ratos hipotireoideanos. Todos os animais foram anestesiados com xilasina e quetamina e submetidos a uma incisão cervical longitudinal. A tireóide foi completamente ressecada no animais do grupo H e deixada intacta no grupo C. Dez dias após a primeira intervenção ambos os grupos de ratos foram pesados e submetidos à hepatectomia parcial, retirando-se os lobos lateral esquerdo e mediano, que foram pesados. Foram examinados com 24 horas e com 7 dias usando-se 3 métodos: formula de KWON et al. que identifica o aumento de volume; contagem de figures de mitose em cinco campos e de núcleos PCNA positivos em cinco campos. RESULTOS Usando a formula de KWON et al. a taxa de regeneração do grupo C, após 24 horas, foi de 58.49 por cento enquanto que a do grupo H foi de 50.42 por cento (p=0.0165). Após 7 dias, a taxa de regeneração no grupo C foi de 93.04 por cento e do grupo H 93.74 por cento (p=0.2165). A média de figures de mitose após 24 horas foi de 14 ± 1.5 no grupo C e de 9.8 ± 2.2 no groupo H (p=0,00016). Após 7 dias foi de 5.4 ± 1.1 e 5.1 ± 1.2 (p=0,6343). A média de núcleos PCA positivos, após 24 horas, foi de 13.55 ± 3.84 no grupo C e 7.7 ± 2.11 no grupo H (p =0,0006)). Com 7 dias foi de 3.5 ± 2.39 no groupo C e de 4.11 ± 1.90 for Group H (p>0.05). CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que o hipotireoidismo, em ratos, causa atraso da regeneração hepatica nas primeiras 24 horas, mas após 7 dias a regeneração se equivale à dos ratos eutireoideanos.