The windows, scales, and bristles of the tropical moth Rothschildia lebeau (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

ABSTRACT

The common Spanish name of the moth Rothschildia lebeau (Saturniidae)is cuatro ventanas (four ‘windows ’),because it exhibits a transparent oval path in each wing.The scales of the colored areas and the bristles from the "window "were analyzed.We developed a simple device to measure transmittance across the "windows "with an spectrophotometer.A square section of "window "was mounted onto a flat black card and placed onto a clamp that hung in the path of the light -beam of the spectrophotometer.Absorbance was measured at 350 and 550 nm,with the "window "positioned perpendicular to the light beam (incidence of 90 °);then the measurements were repeated with the "window "moved at an angle of 45 °.Each measurement was replicated 5 times.Wing color spots were analyzed with a light dissection microscope (stereoscope)and with scanning electron microscopy.The scales have a minimum of 4 morphological types,3 of them showed the typical appearance of unspecialized scales described for other butterflies; whereas the fourth has features particular to this species. On the "window "the scales are transformed in hair-like bristles that do not interfere with light, conferring the transparency that characterizes the "windows ".However,if the wing is illuminated at an almost grazing-incidence,they reflect the light as a mirror.Two hypothetical functional explanation for the windows are mimicry and interspecies communication

RESUMEN

El nombre común de la mariposa nocturna Rothschildia lebeau (Saturniidae)es "cuatro ventanas ",porque exhibe una zona transparente en cada ala.Las escamas de las áreas coloreadas y las cerdas de las "ventanas "fueron analizadas al estereoscopio y al microscopio electrónico de rastreo. Al menos se identificaron cuatro tipos morfológicos de escamas similares a las escamas no especializadas de otras mariposas.En la "ventana "las escamas han sido sustituidas por cerdas que no interfieren el paso de la luz,confiriéndoles la transparencia que las caracteriza.No obstante,si el ala es iluminada en ángulo rasante refleja la luz como un espejo.Dos hipótesis para explicar la evolución de estas "ventanas "son el mimetismo y la comunicación