Predictors of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention using bare-metal stents: a comparison between patients with and without dysglycemia

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to identify intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), angiographic and metabolic parameters related to restenosis in patients with dysglycemia. Seventy consecutive patients (77 lesions) selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria were evaluated by the oral glucose tolerance test and the determination of insulinemia after a successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with a bare-metal stent. The degree of insulin resistance was calculated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Six-month IVUS and angiogram follow-up were performed. Thirty-nine patients (55.7 percent) had dysglycemia. The restenosis rate in the dysglycemic group was 37.2 vs 23.5 percent in the euglycemic group (P = 0.299). The predictors of restenosis using bivariate analysis were reference vessel diameter (RVD) £2.93 mm (RR = 0.54; 95 percentCI = 0.05-0.78; P = 0.048), stent area (SA) <8.91 mm² (RR = 0.66; 95 percentCI = 0.24-0.85; P = 0.006), stent volume (SV) <119.75 mm³ (RR = 0.74; 95 percentCI = 0.38-0.89; P = 0.0005), HOMA-IR >2.063 (RR = 0.44; 95 percentCI = 0.14-0.64; P = 0.027), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≤108.8 mg/dL (RR = 0.53; 95 percentCI = 0.13-0.75; P = 0.046). SV was an independent predictor of restenosis by multivariable analysis. Dysglycemia is a common clinical condition in patients submitted to PCI. The degree of insulin resistance, FPG, RVD, SA, and SV were correlated with restenosis. SV was inversely correlated with an independent predictor of restenosis in patients treated with a bare-metal stent.