Comparação das medidas da área valvar mitral obtidas por parâmetros hemodinâmicos invasivos e ecocardiográfia tridimensional em tempo real pré e pós-valvoplastia mitral percutânea / Comparison of mitral valve area measurements by invasive hemodynamic parameters and real-time three-dimensional echocardiography before and after percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty

RESUMO

INTRODUÇÃO: A técnica de ecocardiografia tridimensional em tempo real (eco-3D) para avaliação da área valvar mitral (AVM) é uma técnica inovadora, que deve ser validada na compração com técnicas de cálculos de AVM já consagrados. O cálculo da AVM pelo método de Gorlin já foi bem estabelecido e correlaciona-se de forma adequada com a verdadeira AVM. Nosso objetivo foi comparar as medidas de AVM obtidas pelos métodos hemodinâmicos e ecocardiográfico, a partir de parâmetros hemodinâmicos invasivos (fórmula de Gorlin) e de eco-3D após valvoplastia mitral percutânea por cateter-balão (VCB). Método: Estudo prospectivo, realizado entre fevereiro de 2009 e fevereiro de 2010, em que foram selecionados 24 indivíduos (dos quais 22 mulheres, na faixa etária de 39 + ou - 12 anos) portadores de estenose mitral sintomática submetidos a VCB. Foi feita análise ecocardiográfica transtorácica bidimensonal e tridimensional antes e após VCB, em que foram aferidos a AVM (eco-3D/medida invasiva) e o gradiente...

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Real time three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography (Echo) is an innovative technique to assess mitral valve area (MVA) that must be validated in comparison with established MVA calculation techniques. The calculation of valve area by Gorlin's method has been well established and correlates adequately with the true MVA. This study was aimed at comparing MVA obtained by hemodynamic and echocardiographic methods, based on invasive hemodynamic (Gorlin's formula) and 3D Echo parameters after percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV). METHODS: Prospective study carried out from February 2009 to February 2010, in 24 individuals (22 women, 39 ± 12 years) with symptomatic mitral stenosis undergoing PBMV. 2D and 3D Echo were compared before and after the PBMV, with MVA (3D Echo/invasive measurement) and mitral gradient (max/mean) measurements. RESULTS: Two patients were excluded (one because of a left atrial thrombus and another due to MVA > 1.5 cm²). Mean MVA obtained by the hemodynamic method was 1.73 cm², whereas the mean value obtained by 3D Echo was 1.72 cm². There was a significant correlation between MVA obtained by Gorlin's formula and 3D Echo pre-valvuloplasty (r: 0.7638; P < 0.001) and post-valvuloplasty (r: 0.6659; P < 0.0019). CONCLUSIONS: 3D Echo is an adequate method for the assessment and calculation of MVA before and after PBMV procedures providing accurate values when compared to the established MVA calculation obtained by Gorlin's formula.