Utilização de prótese bioabsorvível para oclusão de defeitos do septo atrial: um passo em direção ao futuro / Use of bioabsorbable device to close atrial septal defects: one step towards the future

RESUMO

INTRODUÇÃO: Apesar do sucesso das intervenções por cateter nos defeitos congênitos em geral, a possibilidade de se dispor de um dispositivo percutaneamente implantável e que desapareça sem deixar vestígios é altamente desejável. Neste estudo apresentamos a experiência inicial dos autores com uma nova prótese parcialmente bioabsorvível. Método: Foram selecionados pacientes portadores de forame oval patente (FOP) com pelo menos um evento embólico prévio, sem defeitos associados, passíveis de correção cirúrgica. O diagnóstico foi feito por meio de ecocardiograma transesofágico (ETE) e teste de bolhas. Durante o procedimento as próteses foram escolhidas de acordo com as medidas de comprimento e abertura do FOP, ao ETE. O seguimento foi realizado por meio de avaliação clínica e ecocardiograma transtorácico com um mês e três meses de ETE aos seis meses após o implante. Os pacientes utilizaram a associação de ácido acetilsalicilico e clopidogrel por três meses a ácido acetilsalicilico isolado nos três meses subsequentes. A profilaxia antimicrobiana...

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Despite the overall high success rate of per-cutaneous intervention in congenital defects, the possibility of having a percutaneous bioabsorbable implantable device is extremely desirable. The initial experience of the authors with a new partially bioabsorbable prosthesis is reported in this study. METHOD: Patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO), with at least one previous embolic event, without additional surgical defects were selected. Diagnosis was made by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and the bubble test. Devices were chosen according to length and opening of PFO at the TEE. Patients were followed-up by transthoracic echocardiogram at 1 and 3 months and TEE at 6 months post implantation. Patients received a combination of acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel for 3 months and acetylsalicylic acid for another 3 months. Patients were maintained on antimicrobial prophylaxis for infectious endocarditis for 6 months. RESULTS: Nine patients (5 male and 4 female) were treated from February to August 2010. Mean age was 43.4 ± 13.5 years and mean weight was 71.4 ± 16.3 kg. Pulmonary arterial pressure was normal in all of the patients. PFO tunnel lengths ranged from 6-11 mm and the opening ranged from 2-3 mm. Mean range from rest to stretched PFO opening was 2.1 ± 0.8 mm. Prosthesis implantation was possible in all of the cases. Thirteen devices were used in 9 patients, and one of them required a second device for an additional orifice. No major complications or procedure-related deaths were observed. CONCLUSION: The use of the BioSTAR TM device was safe and effective. It is an excellent alternative for PFO closure.