Conducta suicida en pacientes atendidos en un Centro de Urgencias / Suicide conduct in patients attended at an emergency center

RESUMEN

Se estudiaron 85 pacientes que realizaron intento suicida y se atendieron en el Centro de Urgencias del Hospital Militar Central "Dr. Carlos J. Finlay", durante enero y junio de 2003. Predominó el sexo femenino (57 %), con edades entre 10 y 19 años (35 %), pertenecientes a la raza blanca, escolaridades de secundaria terminada (49 %), seguidas del nivel medio superior, dedicadas preferentemente al estudio o como amas de casa. El conflicto inductor principal estuvo asociado con problemas relacionados con el grupo primario de apoyo (46 %), seguido de los problemas relacionados con el ambiente familiar, con antecedentes patológicos personales y familiares de trastornos psiquiátricos, así como de intentos suicidas. El método más empleado fue el uso de psicofármacos, seguido de otras sustancias, y después de realizado el acto, solicitaron ayuda. Como trastornos psiquiátricos predominaron los trastornos situacionales, seguidos de los trastornos de personalidad. La conducta tomada por el terapeuta en primera opción fue la de remitir al paciente a su área de atención primaria, seguida de la decisión de ingresarlo.

ABSTRACT

85 patients who attempted suicide and received attention at the Emergency Center of "Dr. Carlos J. Finlay" Military Central Hospital from January to June 2003, were studied. There was a prevalence of white females (57 %) with ages between 10-19 years old (35 %) and middle level education concluded (49 %), followed by higher middle level. Most of them were students or housewives. The main conflict inducing them to take this decision was associated with problems related to the primary support group (46 %), followed by the problems related to family environment, with personal and family pathological history of psychiatric disorders, as well as with suicide attempts. . The most used method was the use of psychotropic drugs and other substances. After attempting suicide, they asked for help. Among the psychiatric disorders, it was observed a predominance of the situational disorders , followed by the personality disorders. The first option used by the therapist was to refer the patient to his primary health care area, whereas the second one was to hospitalize him.