Características de la calidad de vida en familias con un adulto con discapacidad intelectual (DI)/RM en la ciudad de Cali, Colombia / Characteristics of quality of life in families with an adult with intellectual disability / mental retardation in Cali, Colombia

RESUMEN

Ciento cincuenta y ocho familias en cuya composición existe un adulto con discapacidad intelectual, con un promedio de 38.8 años, fueron entrevistadas; 85.4% contaba con servicio médico, 85.4% no asistía a un programa educativo y 24.4% sabía leer o escribir. El promedio de edad de su cuidador era de 60 años. El 48.9% de ellos manifestó satisfacción con la calidad de vida, mientras que el 20.2% expresó insatisfacción; sin embargo, 59.5%, 52.3% y 17.6% consideraron que la eficiencia del apoyo educativo, espiritual y en salud era muy baja, respectivamente; 51% no mantenía expectativa de mejoramiento educativo; al igual que 91.7%, 79.4% y 90.9% en apoyo espiritual, en salud y laboral, en su orden. Los apoyos psicosociales se percibieron como ineficientes o innecesarios, sin albergar esperanza de mejoramiento.

ABSTRACT

One hundred and fifty eight families of adults with intellectual disability were interviewed; their average age was 38.8. Of these, 85.4% had medical service, 85.4% hadn't attended school, and 24.4% knew how to read or write. The average age of caretakers was 60 years. 48.9% of these manifested satisfaction with their quality of life, whereas, 20.2% expressed dissatisfaction. However, the efficiency of support was rated very low in the following proportions 59.9% in educative support received and 51% with no expectations for improvement; 52.3% in spiritual support received, and 91.7% with no expectations for improvement; and 17.6% in health support received, and 79.4 with no expectations for improvement. Furthermore, psychosocial support was perceived as inefficient or unnecessary, without hope for improvement.