Estudo comparativo de figuras para optótipos entrecrianças do Brasil e Portugal / Comparative study of figures for optotypes with children from Brazil and Portugal / Estudio comparativo de figuras para optotipos entre niños de Brasil y Portugal

RESUMO

Para um resultado fiel no exame da acuidade visual o indivíduo deve conhecer o objeto demonstrado. Para préescolares,não existe um teste que atinja os objetivos esperados. Objetiva-se identificar figuras feitas porcrianças em Portugal e no Brasil e comparar características dos desenhos elaborados. De caráter comparativo equantitativo, este estudo foi realizado em 2003 no Brasil e em 2005 em Portugal, com 342 pré-escolares de 4 e 5anos. A coleta de dados foi feita com a elaboração de desenho livre e análise e seleção quantitativa. Asfrequências de desenho semelhantes entre as crianças do Brasil e as de Portugal foram ser humano; sol; casa;árvore; flor; boneco; nuvem; e bola. As diferenças entre os desenhos das crianças dos países foramconsideradas significantes (p =0,026). Nas figuras que se repetiram existiram formatos diferentes para a casa, c2= 61,75; e para a árvore c2 = 18,31. Tais resultados reforçam a necessidade de escalas regionalizadas.

ABSTRACT

For reliable results on visual acuity tests, patients should know the object shown. No test exists that reaches theexpected goals for preschool children. This study aimed to identify figures made by children in Portugal and Braziland compare the characteristics of the elaborated drawings. A comparative and quantitative study was carried outin Brazil in 2003 and in Portugal in 2005, involving 342 preschool children aged 4 and 5. Data collection involvedthe elaboration of free drawings by the children and analysis and quantitative selection of the drawings. Thefollowing pictures frequencies were similar in Brazil and Portugal a human being; sun; house; tree; flower; doll;cloud and ball. Differences between drawings in both countries were considered significant (p=0.026). In thefigures that were repeated, different formats existed for the house, c2 = 61.75; and for the tree c2 = 18.31. Theseresults strengthen the need to construct regionalized scales.

RESUMEN

For reliable results on visual acuity tests, patients should know the object shown. No test exists that reaches theexpected goals for preschool children. This study aimed to identify figures made by children in Portugal and Braziland compare the characteristics of the elaborated drawings. A comparative and quantitative study was carried outin Brazil in 2003 and in Portugal in 2005, involving 342 preschool children aged 4 and 5. Data collection involvedthe elaboration of free drawings by the children and analysis and quantitative selection of the drawings. Thefollowing pictures frequencies were similar in Brazil and Portugal a human being; sun; house; tree; flower; doll;cloud and ball. Differences between drawings in both countries were considered significant (p=0.026). In thefigures that were repeated, different formats existed for the house, c2 = 61.75; and for the tree c2 = 18.31. Theseresults strengthen the need to construct regionalized scales.