Assessment of muscle mass, risk of falls and fear of falling in elderly people with diabetic neuropathy / Avaliação da massa muscular, risco de quedas e medo de cair em idosos com neuropatia diabética

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To assess muscle mass, risk of falls and fear of falling in elderly adults with diabetic neuropathy (DNP). Methods: 50 elderly patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic neuropathy (NPD) participated in this study. Risk of falling was assessed using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Fear of falling was assessed by means of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Muscle mass was assessed by tetrapolar bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and Janssen's equation. Subjects were divided into two groups one with a history of falls in the six months before study enrollment (G1) and the other without history of falls (G2). Results: There were statistically significant differences between G1 and G2 regarding lean body mass (p < 0.05), risk of falls as measured by the BBS (p < 0.01), and fear of falling as measured by the FES-I (p < 0.01). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the BBS and BIA (r = 0.45 and p < 0.01), showing that the greater the lean body mass, the lower the risk of falling. Conclusions: We found an association between lean mass, risk of falls and fear of falling in elderly adults with DNP and a history of falls from own height.

RESUMO

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a massa muscular, risco de quedas e medo de cair em idosos com neuropatia diabética (NPD). Métodos: Foram selecionados 50 pacientes idosos com diabetes mellitus (DM) e diagnóstico de neuropatia diabética (NPD) onde realizou-se avaliação do risco de queda pela escala de equilíbrio de Berg (EEB), medo de cair por meio da escala de eficácia de quedas (FES-I) e massa muscular por meio da bioimpedância tetrapolar (BIA) e equação de Jansen. Os indivíduos foram divididos em dois grupos um com história de quedas nos últimos seis meses (G1) e sem história de quedas (G2). Resultados: Observou-se diferenças significativas entre G1 e G2 quanto à massa magra (p,0,05), risco de quedas por meio da EEB (p<0,01) e medo de cair por meio da FES-I (p<0,01), além de correlação importante entre a EEB e BIA(r= 0,45 e p<0,01), demonstrando que quanto maior for a massa magra, menor será o risco de cair. Conclusões: Houve associação entre pouca massa magra, risco e medo de cair em idosos com NPD no tocante a história de quedas da própria altura nessa população.