Human immunodeficiency virus type-2-A milder, kinder virus: An update.
Indian J Med Microbiol
;
2012 Jan-Mar; 30(1): 6-15
Artigo
em Inglês
| IMSEAR
| ID: sea-143887
ABSTRACT
Human immunodeficiency virus type-2 (HIV-2) belongs to the family retroviridae which is phylogenetically clusters with SIV SM from sooty mangabeys. This virus is morphologically similar to human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) but has got only a 40% homology at the nucleotide level. There is a distinct geographical distribution of HIV-2 unlike HIV-1. There are currently eight subtypes/groups identified with subtype/group A responsible for the majority of infections. HIV-2 shows a considerable difference in the course of the disease. Clinical, haematological and immunological evaluation of individuals infected with HIV-2 has shown the virus to be less pathogenic than HIV-1 although the exact mechanism underlying this difference is not well defined. Similar to HIV-1, the HIV-2 isolates also showed distinct replicative and cytopathic characteristics. The transmission rate for HIV-2 compared to HIV-1 is very low both by heterosexual route and mother to child transmission. The clinical signs and symptoms of immunodeficiency associated with HIV-2 are similar to the ones seen among the HIV-1-infected individuals and they can also progress to AIDS. It is naturally resistant to NNRTI and hence the diagnosis become important as it affects the treatment strategy. Similar to HIV-1, HIV-2 strains of infected individuals also show mutations that can cause drug resistance. The current evidence suggests that there is no protective effective for HIV-2 against HIV-1.
Texto completo:
DisponíveL
Índice:
IMSEAR (Sudeste Asiático)
Assunto principal:
Humanos
/
Infecções por HIV
/
HIV-2
/
Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa
/
Fármacos Anti-HIV
/
Farmacorresistência Viral
/
Filogeografia
Tipo de estudo:
Estudo prognóstico
Idioma:
Inglês
Revista:
Indian J Med Microbiol
Assunto da revista:
Microbiology
Ano de publicação:
2012
Tipo de documento:
Artigo
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