Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in normal and abnormal glucose tolerant subjects in South India.

ABSTRACT

Background: Type 2 diabetes prevalence is increasing world wide, due to underline insulin resistance leading to metabolic syndrome. Subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism are at increased risk for Coronary artery disease. Thus the diagnosis of insulin resistance is useful to prevent the increasing complication of diabetes. Aims & Objectives: The present study was done in subjects with normal and abnormal glucose metabolism to find out the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Methodology: By oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), 136 subjects were divided into normal glucose tolerance (NGT) , Impaired glucose tolerant (IGT) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL – c, insulin, hsCRP were measured in all the groups. HOMA IR was calculated and based on IDF(International Diabetic Federation) Criteria each group is divided into with MS and with out MS. Results: All the parameters were compared between the groups. p value <0.05 considered as significant. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in NGT was 26%, in IGT 43% and 86% among those with DM. The prevalence of insulin resistance was more in MS group compared to subjects without MS (NGT 40% Vs 13.15%, DM 52% Vs50%). Conclusion: Metabolic Syndrome is one of the earliest detectable risk factors with increased insulin resistance.Thus diagnosing the subjects with metabolic syndrome can reduce the increasing prevalence of diabetes & helps in preventing the complication of type 2 diabetes.