Morphological patterns of endometrium in infertile woman-a prospective study.

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective: Infertility is a global health problem because 8-12% of all couples worldwide, around 80 million are infertile. Endometrium is the most sensitive indicator of ovarian function. Endometrial biopsy with routine hematoxylin and eosin staining is an important investigation in the Indian Scenario. Therefore the present study has undertaken to investigate the morphological patterns of endometrium in infertile women. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Bangalore Medical College after the ethical clearance from the institutional ethics committee. The study included 90 cases with complaints of infertility (primary / secondary). The premenstrual D & C was done to obtain endometrial biopsy. The endometrial tissue was fixed; processed, sectioned and performed Hematoxylin & Eosin stain for morphology of endometrium, dating of endometrium and Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stain for acid fast bacilli was also performed. In this descriptive analysis, values are mentioned as percentages. Result: In the present study, we also observed 2 cases of Tuberculosis (TB), 5 cases exhibited cystic hyperplasia and only a single case of endometrial polyp was seen. But, the percentage of cases of secretory phase was more. Simple cystic hyperplasia was seen in 3 cases of primary and 2 cases of secondary infertility. Conclusion: In the present study we concluded that the anovulatory endometrium, simple cystic hyperplasia and luteal phase defect formed the major etiological basis of many cases of infertility and the tuberculosis endometritis and endometrial polyp formed the minor group of etiology.