Clinical profile and factors associated with microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents.

ABSTRACT

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of clinical presentation and factor associated with microalbuminuria. Methods: Urinary albumin excretion of children and adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus attending diabetic clinic of Katihar medical college hospital over a period of one year. Collected blood and urine samples were analysed for glycated haemoglobin, cholesterol, triglycerides, and for 12 hour urinary albumin concentration. Blood pressures were recorded and clinical data collected. Results: During the study period 215 patients were diagnosed with type1 DM. Out of 215, fourty-three patients (20%) had persistent microalbuminuria. Factor associated with microalbuminuria in diabetic patients include duration of diabetes mellitus, higher blood pressure, higher cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Conclusion: Type 1 DM is treatable and testing is acceptable and accessible to the patients. As microalbuminuria is an early microvascular complications, it is highly recommended to screen all diabetic patients for the incidence of microalbuminuria and modifiable risk factors like dyslipidemia at the onset and then yearly assessment. Efforts need to be intensified in education of health workers and population at large for quick presentation and prompt diagnosis in order to predict overt diabetic nephropathy and also to prevent its progression.