Comparative Evaluation of Pre-operative Antibiotic Prophylaxis in the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections: A Prospective Study.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: One of the most important causes of post-operative morbidity is surgical site infection (SSI) in planned cases. It accounts nearly 65-80% of all cases and the most common nosocomial infection in our population accounting for 38%. Previous to the use of prophylactic antibiotic, the incidence of SSI was more, which has been drastically reduced the incidence of SSI. Aim: This study was conducted to know the need for antibiotic prophylaxis in clean, clean-contaminated surgical wounds and whether prophylactic antibiotic is itself suffi cient to minimize SSI. Materials and Methods: A 300 patients admitted between January 2013 and December 2014 in SBKSMI and RC, Vadodara, Gujarat were selected for our study, which were clean or clean-contaminated surgeries done under meticulous surgical technique. Results: The present study showed that there is no need for prophylactic antibiotics in cases of clean surgeries. Conclusion: The incidence of SSI depends on various factors such as old age (20.51%), anemia (20.51%), diabetes mellitus (15.38%), and prolonged duration of surgery more than 2 h (80%) and obesity (25.64%) are present.