Correlation between Clinical Features, Endoscopic Findings and Histopathological Characteristics in Various Esophageal Lesions-A study of 200 Cases.

ABSTRACT

Background: The present study analyzed the correlation between clinical features, endoscopic findings and histopathological findings in esophageal lesions. Methods: A sample size of 200 patients was taken in the study conducted in Department of Pathology. Data for patient’s age, gender, clinical features (dysphagia, pain epigastrium, regurgitation, loss of weight, loss of appetite), site of biopsy (upper, middle and lower one third of esophagus), endoscopic appearance (erythema, ulceration, nodular and stricture) were analysed. Results: Frequency of various esophageal lesions both benign and malignant (esophagitis, benign lesions, dysplasia, Barrett’s esophagus, SCC-WD, SCC-MD, adenocarcinoma) was calculated in the study group. Finally, correlations were established between age, gender, above mentioned clinical features, endoscopic findings and final histopathological diagnosis of various esophageal lesions. It was concluded that GERD was the most common esophageal lesion and SCC was the commonest malignancy in our region, being more common in men, in old age group (41-60 years). SCC involved the middle esophagus while GERD, BE and adenocarcinoma involved the lower esophagus more commonly. A statically significant correlation was found between dysphagia, loss of weight and esophageal carcinoma. Conclusion: It was concluded that gastro-esophageal Reflux disease was the most common esophageal lesion and Squamous Cell Carcinoma was histopathologically the commonest esophageal malignancy in our region, being more common in men in the old age group (41-60 yrs).