Clinicopathological Study of Peptic Perforation was Carried Out in 150 Cases Admitted in Surgical Wards of Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital Associated with Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa (Madhya Pradesh).

ABSTRACT

Background: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a common disorder that affects millions of individuals each year. PUD has a major impact on our health-care system by accounting for roughly 10% of medical costs for digestive diseases. Overall, peptic ulcer mortality and hospitalization rates have declined for the past two decades, but complications such as peptic ulcer perforation and bleeding remain a substantial health-care problem. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective 1-year study conducted in all cases of peptic perforation admitted in surgical wards during the study period August 2013-July 2014. On admission, every patient was interrogated about name, age, sex, address, occupation, religion, and residence. All patients suspected of peptic perforation with symptoms of the sudden onset of epigastric pain in abdomen, distention of abdomen, constipation, and vomiting were admitted to surgery ward from the outpatient department or transferred from other wards. Their findings were recorded in a pro forma and master chart. The information obtained was tabulated and analyzed. Results: Incidence of peptic perforation was 1.65% of all surgical admissions. It was 6.63% of total case of acute abdomen and 50.17% of total case of perforation peritonitis. A maximum number of peptic perforation cases was found in age group 51-60 years (24.67%). Conclusion: Perforation of the peptic ulcer is due to the persistence of causative factors of peptic ulceration with a decrease in mucosal resistance due to injudicious use of corticosteroids, decreased immunity, malnutrition, delay in hospitalization due to initial treatment by homemade medicines and abdominal massage further complicates the perforation in this region. Peptic perforation is diagnosed on clinical grounds and abdominal X-ray easily, yet due to delayed hospitalization and time consumed in resuscitation of the patient affects the outcome of standard surgical procedure.