Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Predictors of Childhood Primary Nocturnal Enuresis in Benin City, Nigeria.

ABSTRACT

Aim: To document the socio-demographic characteristics and predictors of primary nocturnal enuresis in children. Study Design: A descriptive cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study The study was carried out in public primary and secondary schools in Egor Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria from April to August 2014. Participants and Methods: A semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used to obtained information about nocturnal enuresis from 1221 mothers/child pair who gave consent to participate in the study. Results: Prevalence of primary nocturnal enuresis in the children was 18.8% (primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis 73.7% and primary non- monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis 26.3%). Children ages 5 – 7 years (OR = 5.0, p = 0.00) and those from the large household (20.3%) (p = 0.02) significantly had primary nocturnal enuresis. Predictors of primary nocturnal enuresis in this study included difficulty to awaken child from sleep (β = 0.90, OR = 2.5, p = 0.00), history of soiling under-wear (β = 1.56, OR = 5.0, p = 0.00), urgency (β = 1.0, OR = 2.7, p = 0.00), and family history of enuresis (β = 1.95, OR = 7.0, p = 0.00). Conclusion: This study showed that about one out of every five school children had primary nocturnal enuresis. Difficulty to awaken child from sleep, soiling of under-wears, history of urgency and family history independently predicted primary nocturnal enuresis.