Association of Pre-Diabetes, Diabetes and BMI with family history: A Cross Sectional study in an urban area of Varanasi

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Diabetes is undoubtedly one of the most challenging health problems in the 21st century. According to The International Diabetes Federation estimation India will have risen in people living with diabetes up to 87.0 million by 2030 from 50.8 million (2010). According to the World Health Organization criteria, the prevalence of known diabetes was 5.6% and 2.7% among urban and rural areas, respectively in 2009. Family history of diabetes is not only a risk factor for the disease but is also positively associated with risk awareness and risk-reducing behaviours. It may provide a useful screening tool for detection and prevention of diabetes. Hence the study was conducted to assess the association between family history with diabetes and pre-diabetes in an urban area of Varanasi. Methodology: A Community based cross-sectional study was conducted during July 2012 to December 2012 among 706 respondents of 20-65 year age group in Sunderpur, Varanasi. Out of which 359 male and 347 females were interviewed by using pretested semi structured interview schedule. Consent was taken to all respondents. Pregnant women and known cases of diabetes respondents were excluded from this study. Fasting Capillary blood glucose level measured with the help of Glucometer. Result: In the present study prevalence of pre-diabetes was 11.8% and diabetes 7.2 %, 0.6% were known diabetic. Out of the total 700 respondents, familial risk was observed only in 10.4%. Out of which 6.7% respondents were having positive family history of one parent and 3.7% were of both parents and siblings. Positive family history was observed more among pre-diabetics 24.4% and diabetics 24% as compared to respondents with normal blood glucose level 15.4%. The association was found to be statistically significant. Significant difference was observed on diabetes, pre-diabetes with family history. Conclusion & Recommendations: Family history of diabetes mellitus was observed in 10.4% of total screened respondents. Out of which 6.7% were having either parent and 3.7% both parents and siblings. Family history of diabetes is indeed a powerful independent risk factor for the diabetes and pre-diabetes. Our efforts should now be directed toward translating this awareness for use in public health programs.