Breath Holding Spasms – a clinical review

ABSTRACT

Breath holding spasms are common psychological problems seen in children and may serve as a markerfor stubbornness and anger. There are no clear clinical guidelines for the management of breath holdingspasms whereas a medical and psychological approach works best in both cases. The present paper is aclinical review on breath holding spasms for psychiatrists and serves as an overview of the topic. Variousmedical and non medical interventions are also discussed along with management.