Longitudinal study to assess socio-demographic profile and treatment outcome of new sputum smear positive cases at designated microscopy centre of tertiary care hospital

ABSTRACT

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the world’s deadliest communicable diseases. In 2013, an estimated 9.0 million people developed TB and 1.5 million died from the disease, 360 000 of whom were HIV-positive. Of the estimated 9 million people who developed TB in 2013, more than half (56%) were in the South-East Asia and Western Pacific Regions and India and China alone accounted for 24% and 11% of total cases, respectively. India’s TB Control Program is on track as far as reduction in disease burden is concerned there was 50% reduction in TB mortality rate by 2013 as compared to 1990 level. Tuberculosis prevalence per lakh population reduced from 465 in year 1990 to 211 in 2013. But still, in India there is high burden of Tuberculosis cases and high mortality in the current situation.Methods: Descriptive Longitudinal study was conducted from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2016 at designated microscopy centre (DMC) in tertiary care hospital of Government Medical Miraj.Results: Maximum of TB cases 47 (30.71%) were from >30-45 age group and 72 (47.05%) cases belongs nuclear family. 126 (82.35%) cases had completed their treatment schedule for 6/7 months were labelled ‘cured’ at the end of study, while among 27 (17.65%) cases 17 (11.11%) ‘Died’ during treatment schedule, 9 (5.88%) cases became ‘defaulters’ and 1 (0.65%) case was ‘failure’.Conclusions: In the present study, Maximum cases were from >30-45 yrs age group and proportions of males were more as compare to females. Hindus was predominantly more in number among all religions and number of cases coming from rural area was more. The association between gender and treatment outcome of study cases was found statistically significant.