Clinical, Endoscopic Profile and Management of Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Tertiary Care Center in Southern Karnataka

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Upper gastrointestinal bleed (UGIB) is oneof the common medical emergencies and is associatedwith significant morbidity and mortality. Early upper GIendoscopy helps in identifying the etiology and allows fortargeted endoscopic treatment resulting in reduced morbidity,hospital stay, risk of re-bleeding and need for surgery. Thisstudy aimed to assess the clinical and endoscopic profile andtreatment modalities for the patients presenting with upper GIbleed in a tertiary care centre in southern Karnataka.Material and methods: Data of 410 patients presenting withupper GI bleed to tertiary care centre and who had undergoneupper GI endoscopy at AJ hospital and research centre betweenJanuary 2017 to june 2018 were retrospectively analysed.Results: All the patients included in the study were above 18years of age. Majority of the patients were males, with maleto female ratio is 5.11, It was found that majority of patientspresented with hematemesis (87.32%). It was found that mostcommon lesion in upper GI bleed was esophageal varices(44.88%). Based on their endoscopic profiles majority of thepatients were managed conservatively (64.15%).Of the 410 patients 83.66% were males and mean age ofstudy population was 54.37%. The most common presentingmanifestation in hematemesis with malena observed in61.95% patients.Conclusion: This study highlights variceal bleed as the mostcommon cause of upper GI bleed in southern India followedby peptic ulcer disease.