A Study of Prevalence of Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease in Diabetic Patients and Comparison with Normal Subjects

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The diabetes mellitus is described as metabolicdisorder of multiple etiology characterized by chronichyperglycemia with disturbance of carbohydrate, protein andfat metabolism resulting in insulin secretion, insulin action orboth. This study was done to check the prevalence of coronaryartery disease (CAD) risk factors in diabetic patients andcompare with normal subjects.Material and methods: Sixty diagnosed cases of diabetes and60 normal subjects from patients attending Diabetic Clinic,Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.This was hospital based cross sectional observational study.Diagnosed case of diabetes was taken and non-modifiable andmodifiable risk factors of CAD were compared with normalsubjects with available data of risk factors CAD.Results: Mean age of the case group was 48.51 yrs, 46.6% ofcase group had hypertension, in comparison of control grouphad only 15%. Study showed overweight (BMI>25 Kg/m2)was observed in 25 (41.6%) diabetic patients in comparisonto control which had only 2 (3%) subjects being overweight.About 5% of diabetic cases had family history of CAD. Familyhistory of diabetes was present in 32% of diabetic patients andfamily history of hypertension was present in 18% of diabeticpopulation.Conclusion: This study showed the prevalence of risk factorof CAD in diabetic patients was significantly higher comparedwith normal subjects: