The Commonly Encountered Rheumatological Manifestations amongst Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Type 1 DM is the result of complete or neartotal insulin deficiency. Type 2 DM is a heterogeneous groupof disorders characterized by variable degrees of insulinresistance, impaired insulin secretion, and increased glucoseproduction. Several studies have reported an associationof early osteoarthritis and DM. The present study wasconducted with the aim to analyze the commonly encounteredrheumatological manifestations amongst patients with type 2diabetes.Material and methods: The study was conducted among100 patients of already diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus,attending outpatient/inpatient department of Department ofMedicine, Rajindra Hospital/ Government Medical College,Patiala. The selected patients were subjected to furtherevaluation using Baseline diabetic questionnaire Name, age,sex, occupation especially manual labor, height, weight, BMI(We considered overweight subjects with a BMI between25 and 29.9 and obesity with BMI >30 kg/m2)3, durationand onset of type 2 diabetes, smoking habits, any historyof systemic diseases, medications oral hypoglycemic orinsulin injection, blood sugar level fasting, post prandialand glycosylated hemoglobin. Musculoskeletal system wassystematically examined. Student t test was used for statisticalanalysis. Probability value of less than 0.05 was consideredas significant.Results: The age ranges from 41 years to 80 years. Most ofthe patients were between 61-70 years of age and were 40%of the total patients. In our study out of 100 diabetic patients27 had rheumatological manifestations. The most commonmanifestation was Osteoarthritis (Osteoarthritis knee in ourstudy) which was found to be present in 14% cases. Out of 100patients 27 had rheumatological manifestations out of which11 were males and 16 were females. 35 males and 38 femaleswere without rheumatological manifestations.Conclusion: Rheumatological manifestations are commonamongst subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The overallprevalence of rheumatological manifestations was 27%. Thiscould be helpful in preventing chronic disability in patientsand improving their quality of life. Good glycemic control isa key to prevent rheumatological manifestations in patientswith T2DM.