Diagnosis of Non-Neoplastic Haematological Disorders using Bone Marrow Aspiration and Trephine Biopsy

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Proper diagnosis of various hematologicaland non-hematological disorders is important in the fieldof haematology. Bone marrow examination is consideredas valuable diagnostic tool for evaluation and diagnosis ofvarious hematological and non-hematological disorders.Therefore present study aimed to diagnose non-neoplastichaematological disease through bone marrow aspiration orbiopsy and also to explain the prognosis of different diseases.Material and method: Present study was conducted indepartment of pathology, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur,on 30 patients suffering from chronic haematological disease.The relevant history of patients was recorded and informedconsent was taken. Patients were investigated for completeblood count, coagulation profile, reticulocyte count andperipheral blood film (PBF) examination. Bone marrowaspiration and Bone marrow biopsy were done under asepticprecautions.Results: Out of 30 cases, 11 (36.66%) are having nonneoplastic haematological diseases and most common diseaseis iron deficiency anaemia. In iron deficiency and megaloblasticanaemia, bone marrow aspiration findings are more useful anddiagnostic. In aplastic anaemia, final conclusive diagnosis wasmade by bone marrow biopsy.Conclusion: In some haematological disease, Bone marrowaspiration study alone fails to demonstrate disease processes,therefore trephine biopsy is essential. Hypocellular marrow,unexplained pancytopenias and marrow fibrosis are alsostrong indications for Bone marrow biopsy.