Computed Tomography Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Clinically Suspected Lung Neoplasm: An Institutional Experience in Kumaun Region of Uttarakhand

ABSTRACT

Intrduction Lung carcinoma is the most common causeof cancer related mortality worldwide. Lung carcinoma ismalignant lung neoplasm characterized by uncontrolledcell proliferation in lung tissue. Primary lung cancers arederived from epithelial cells. This present study was designedand conducted with an aim to evaluate demographics,imaging characteristics, staging of lung cancer by MDCT,cytopathological spectrum of lung cancers in Kumaun regionof Uttarakhand and to assess the diagnostic accuracy of CTguided FNAC in evaluation of suspected lung masses.Material and methods: This institution based prospectivecross-sectional study was conducted at Government medicalCollege and Swami Ram Cancer Hospital, Haldwani from2018 to 2020 for two years. Computed tomography guidedFNAC was done in 102 patients. After proper history andthrough clinical examination, patients were subjected to CTguided aspiration using aseptic precautions. Air-dried smearswere stained with May–Grunwald–Giemsa stain (MGG).Alcohol fixed smears were stained using routine Papanicolaou(Pap) and Hematoxyline & Eosine (H & E) method.Results: The study consisted of 102 patients in age groupof 33-86 years. There were 81 males (79.41%) and 21females (20.58%) and adequate sample was obtained in 94patients giving adequacy rate of 92.15%. The most commoncytological presentation was squamous cell carcinoma in 49patients (52.12%) followed by adenocarcinoma in 23 patients(24.46%). Pneumothorax was seen in 8 patients (7.84%) ofpatients and no patient required chest tube insertion. In ourstudy computed tomography (CT) guided FNAC was foundsuccessful in making the diagnosis in 91 cases (89.21%).Conclusion: Computed tomography (CT) guided FNAC is areliable, safe, less expensive, less time consuming, minimallyinvasive procedure with a high diagnostic accuracy forevaluation of suspected lung neoplasm.