Changing Trends in the Histological Types of Lung Carcinoma

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer-relatedmortality and morbidity in males and females. Althoughsmoking is the major cause of lung cancer, only 10 % of heavysmokers develop lung cancer suggesting that other factorsmay also act independently or synergistically with smoking.Recent studies have suggested that there are changes inhistological type in recent years.Objectives: This study was to determine incidence of varioushistological types of lung carcinoma and analyse their changingtrends.Material and Methods: This is a prospective study. A total of184 cases of lung carcinoma were undertaken to analyse from2011 to 2014 in a tertiary care centre.Results: Overall adenocarcinoma was found to be mostcommon with 73 (39.67%) cases followed by squamous cellcarcinoma with 68 (36.96%) cases. However, in malessquamous cell carcinoma still remains predominant with 59(43%) cases followed by adenocarcinoma with 49 (35.7%)cases .Male to female ratio was 2.91. In females,adenocarcinoma was the most common type.Conclusion: Overall adenocarcinoma was the mostpredominant variant of lung carcinoma in our region closelyfollowed by squamous cell carcinoma. However, in malessquamous cell carcinoma was most common histological type.Incidence of lung tumor also shows increase in femalesthereby decreasing the male to female ratio to 2.9.