Evaluation of Recent Surgical Updates Regarding Diagnosis and Management of Intestinal Obstruction

Background: Intestinal obstruction is a painful abdominal condition that is ultimately managed by surgical methods.Proximal intestinal obstructions usually present clinically with pain, while distal obstructions havepronounced vomiting and absolute constipation. The junior surgeon should take careful note of anamnesis, as theobstruction is mainly a clinical diagnosis. Objectives: We focus in this paper on intestinal obstruction, diagnosticapproach, and surgical interventions, and only relevant studies are discussed. Methodology: PubMed databasewas used for articles selection, and papers on intestinal obstruction and pseudo-obstruction were obtained andreviewed. Conclusion: In summary, certain factors increase the vulnerability of patients and developing intestinalobstruc-tion, most notably including adhesions, neoplasms, and abdominal herniation. Exploratory laparot-omyis indicated when patients do not improve within 48 hours of conservative therapy, or perforat-ed bowels are seenon radiography (as air-under-the-diaphragm). Colonoscopy is valuable in ruling out mechanical obstruction anddecompressing a distended bowel. Team effort is needed to avoid non-urgent operation, and to identify and treatcurrent dehydration and correct depleted electro-lytes, while also preventing systemic inflammation, ischemia,and sepsis