Recent advances in the spatial organization of the mammalian genome

ABSTRACT

The mammalian genome is complex and presents a dynamic structural organization that reflects function.Organization of the genome inside the mammalian nucleus impacts all nuclear processes including but notlimited to transcription, replication and repair, and in many biological contexts such as early development,differentiation and physiological adaptations. However, there is limited understating of how 3D organization ofthe mammalian genome regulates different nuclear processes. Recent advances in microscopy and a myriad ofgenomics methods—propelled by next-generation sequencing—have advanced our knowledge of genomeorganization to a great extent. In this review, we discuss nuclear compartments in general and recent advancesin the understanding of how mammalian genome is organized in these compartments with an emphasis ondynamics at the nuclear periphery