Ultrasound Evaluation of Uterine Leiomyoma in Perimenopausal Females with Histopathological Correlation.

ABSTRACT

Abnormal uterine bleeding remains an important health issue in perimenopausal females, often a cause of high morbidity and mortality. Uterine leiomyoma is the major cause of abnormal or irregular bleeding. We wanted to evaluate the role of ultrasound in assessing uterine leiomyomas and determine its sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy in comparison to histopathological studies.METHODSThis is a cross sectional, observational and analytical study conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis at AVBRH, (Sawangi Meghe), a rural tertiary care hospital in central India. The study was carried out over a period of 6 months from January 2019 to June 2019. 50 patients in perimenopausal age group of 40-50 years were selected on the basis of predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. All included patients were counselled and asked for informed consent before entry into the study. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy.RESULTSMost of the uterine leiomyomas were intramural in location and hypoechoic in echotexture. Intramural fibroid was the most common fibroid detected constituting 88%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value [PPV], negative predictive value [NPV], and diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in correlation to histopathology was found to be 93.75%, 91.67%, 97.83%, 78.57% and 93.33% respectively.CONCLUSIONSUltrasound has high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing the uterine leiomyomas. It should be used as primary investigative modality for work up of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal age group