Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress & diabetes.
Artigo
em Inglês
| IMSEAR
| ID: sea-22184
ABSTRACT
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a central organelle entrusted with lipid synthesis, protein folding and protein maturation. It is endowed with a quality control system that facilitates the recognition and targeting of aberrant proteins for degradation. When the capacity of this quality control system is exceeded, a stress response (ER stress) is switched on. Prolonged stress leads to apoptosis and may thus be an important factor in the pathogenesis of many diseases. A complex homeostatic signaling pathway, known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), has evolved to maintain a balance between the load of newly synthesized proteins and the capacity of the ER to aid in their maturation. Dysfunction of the UPR plays an important role in certain diseases, especially those involving tissues dedicated to extracellular protein synthesis. Diabetes is an example of such a disease, since pancreatic beta-cells depend on efficient UPR signaling to meet the demands for constantly varying levels of insulin synthesis. Recent studies have indicated that the importance of the UPR in diabetes is not restricted to the beta-cell but also to tissues of peripheral insulin resistance such as liver and adipose tissue. Better understanding of the basic mechanisms of ER stress and development of insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes is pivotal for the identification of newer molecular targets for therapeutic interventions.
Texto completo:
DisponíveL
Índice:
IMSEAR (Sudeste Asiático)
Assunto principal:
Estresse Fisiológico
/
Humanos
/
Proteínas
/
Dobramento de Proteína
/
Diabetes Mellitus
/
Retículo Endoplasmático
/
Animais
/
Modelos Biológicos
Tipo de estudo:
Estudo prognóstico
Idioma:
Inglês
Ano de publicação:
2007
Tipo de documento:
Artigo
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