ADVANCES IN BIOREMEDIATION AGENTS AND PROCESSES FOR REMOVAL OF PERSISTENT CONTAMINANTS FROM ENVIRONMENT

The development of bioremediation agents and processes-a sustainable solution to environmental pollution has advanced significantly. This is particularly valid when handling persistent pollutants such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). This study reviews the state-of-the-art in bioremediation technology, emphasizing the vital role that bacteria and their metabolic pathways play in the breakdown of pollutants. Microorganisms, which can be any type of fungus or bacteria, have been employed because of their unique capacity to break down a broad spectrum of contaminants. A thorough grasp of the metabolic subtleties of these bacteria is essential for optimizing bioremediation methods, especially with regard to PAH breakdown. The exploration of eco-friendly technologies, such bioaugmentation and biostimulation, emphasizes the commitment to eco-friendly approaches to environmental remediation. This review presents strong case studies and acknowledges ongoing issues to demonstrate the practical effectiveness of bioremediation. Future advancements in bioremediation-a crucial aspect of environmental management-may be possible through the combination of genetic engineering and artificial intelligence, which could assist overcome current obstacles.