Protein A-antibody mediated hemagglutination assay for serodiagnosis of amebic liver abscess.

ABSTRACT

A successful modification of the indirect hemagglutination test to demonstrate antibodies for serodiagnosis of amebic liver abscess has been described in the present study. In the modified test, the protein A-IMA, Staphylococcus aureus (Cowan's strain I) bearing protein A (SAPA) cells were used to enhance hemagglutination of sensitized red cells. Use of SAPA cells markedly enhanced sensitivity of the test and greatly increased the titers obtained with most of the sera. At a diagnostic antibody titer of 1128 and above, the protein A-IHA could detect 72 (100%) of amebic liver abscess (ALA) cases. Amongst the controls, no false positive reaction was observed in non-amebic liver disease controls. However 1(2%) of sera demonstrated false positive reactions from healthy controls. The protein A-IHA was highly sensitive when compared with that of the indirect hemagglutination (IHA) for serodiagnosis of amebic liver abscess. The novel immunoassay is simple, inexpensive and requires little technical skill. It has the potential for wide application in serodiagnosis of amebic liver abscess.