Upward gaze paralysis as the initial manifestation of HIV-infected patient: a case report.

ABSTRACT

Upward gaze palsy developed in a 23-year-old man without any other abnormal findings except pupillary light-near dissociation in ocular examination. The neuroradiologic examination was consistent with cerebral toxoplasmosis--the most frequent opportunistic infection of the brain in AIDS patients. The serologic work-up revealed a positive HIV test. Symptoms and neuroradiologic abnormality improved after treatment for cerebral toxoplasmosis. HIV infection should be considered in patients who have upward gaze paralysis and neuroimaging compatible with cerebral toxoplasmosis. Empirical treatment may alleviate the upward gaze palsy.