L-asparaginase related hyperglycemia.

ABSTRACT

L-asparaginase is a valuable chemotherapeutic agent used in the induction of remission and improvement of long term survival in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hyperglycemia is a well known side effect of L-asparaginase. Fourteen patients developed hyperglycemia during induction therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with L-asparaginase, prednisolone, vincristine and daunorubicin. Hyperglycemia was observed after a mean of five doses of L-asparaginase (range 2-10). Seven of fourteen patients had neutropenic related infective episodes. Hyperglycemia resolved in all patients within 12 days (range 4-25) and two patients died of neutropenic septicemia. During reinduction therapy with the same drugs, only one out of ten patients developed hyperglycemia E-coli-L-asparaginase was replaced by Erwinia asparaginase in two patients one of who had recrudescence on further therapy. Close monitoring during L-asparaginase therapy for hyperglycemia will enable prompt recognition and early correction and prevent delay in therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.