Limited joint mobility and plantar pressure in type 1 diabetic subjects in India.

ABSTRACT

AIM: Limited joint mobility and plantar pressure in the foot has not been assessed in type 1 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the joint mobility and plantar foot pressure in Asian Indian type 1 diabetic subjects and to see its association with duration of diabetes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The joint mobility and plantar pressure were measured in 115 consecutive subjects attending the foot clinic. The study groups were Control- non diabetic controls (n=40) (MF 1921) and type 1 diabetic patients (n=75) (MF 4233). Joint mobility was assessed using a goniometer at two sites, in the subtalar joint and in the hallux. Plantar pressure was measured using the RS-Scan platform system. Data obtained on the metatarsal heads were used for analysis. RESULTS: Patients with type 1 diabetes had significantly lesser joint mobility (p < 0.0001) and higher plantar pressure (p < 0.0001) compared with the control group. Duration of diabetes had an inverse association with joint mobility (p < 0.0001). The degree of joint mobility was more restricted in patients with longer duration of diabetes. Plantar pressure increased with increasing duration of diabetes. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, type 1 diabetic patients in India had limited joint mobility which decreased further with longer duration of diabetes and they had high plantar pressure also.