One Case of Microscopic Polyangiitis / 대한내과학회지

ABSTRACT

Microscopic polyangiitis is a primary systemic vasculitis which involve small arterioles and capillaries. Clinical manifestations show generalized weakness, fever, myalgia, weight loss. oliguria, proteinuria, skin rash, neuromuscular symtoms, and pulmonary, gastrointestinal symtoms. Prednisolone and cyclophosphamide therapy is effectve, more than 80% of patients with microscopic polyangiitis survive for longer than 5years. However, about 50% of patients will have at least one relapse in the 4-5years after initial treatment. There is a very strong correlation between the presence of ANCA(especially p-type) and microscopic polyangiitis. We herein report a case of microscopic polyandiitis with the review of literature. A 65 years-old woman admitted to our hospital due to general weakness, fever, generalized edema, and dyspnea. Laboratory result showed high serum creatinine and CRP, moderate proteinuria, and microscopic hematuria. P-ANCA was 11280 positive in indirect immunofluorescence method, and kidney biopsy showed focal segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis, crescent formation, fibrin clots, PMN and lymphocytes infiltrations in small arterioles and capillries. Immunofluorescence study was negative. Her clinical feature, laboratory findings, and the kidney biopsy result were compatible with microscopic polyangiitis. The patient had been treated with prednisolone and cyclophosphamide. P-ANCA titration was decreased 1320 at the 19th day of treatment and was negative about 2months later.