Efficacy of Periprostatic Anesthesia according to Lidocaine Dose during Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of the Prostate

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of periprostatic lidocaine injection according to lidocaine dose during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects of this study were 92 patients who had undergone transrectal ultrasound-guided 12-core biopsy of the prostate. The patients were randomly assigned to three groups: group 1 (n=31, no lidocaine injection), group 2 (n=30, periprostatic injection of 10 ml 1% lidocaine), and group 3 (n=31, periprostatic injection of 20 ml 1% lidocaine). The patients were assessed for pain by use of a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS) and for other complications after the procedure. RESULTS: The mean VAS scores of groups 1 through 3 were 0.93+/-0.89, 1.32+/-1.37, and 1.13+/-1.10, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups. However, the mean VAS score of the biopsy pain was 5.0+/-1.48, 3.93+/-1.94, and 3.60+/-2.15, in the same groups, respectively, with statistically significant differences between group 1 and the other groups. Patients in groups 2 and 3 reported significantly less biopsy pain than did group 1 patients (p=0.004, 0.021), with no statistically significant difference in VAS score between groups 2 and 3 (p=0.533). With respect to post-biopsy complications, there were no significant differences in the incidence of hematuria, hematospermia, rectal bleeding, or infection among the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: Periprostatic injection of local anesthesia with lidocaine was associated with significantly less pain than in the absence of anesthesia. Furthermore, a 20-ml dose of lidocaine produced no better pain control than did a 10-ml lidocaine dose for prostate biopsy.