Galpha12 Protects Vascular Endothelial Cells from Serum Withdrawal-Induced Apoptosis through Regulation of miR-155

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells is a type of endothelial damage that is associated with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including the alpha 12 subunit of G protein (Galpha12), have been found to modulate cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of numerous cell types. However, the role of Galpha12 in the regulation of apoptosis of vascular cells has not been elucidated. We investigated the role of Galpha12 in serum withdrawal-induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and its underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HUVECs were transfected with Galpha12 small-interfering RNA (siRNA) to knockdown the endogenous Galpha12 expression and were serum-deprived for 6 h to induce apoptosis. The apoptosis of HUVECs were assessed by Western blotting and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The expressions of microRNAs were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: Knockdown of Galpha12 with siRNA augmented the serum withdrawal-induced apoptosis of HUVECs and markedly repressed the expression of microRNA-155 (miR-155). Serum withdrawal-induced apoptosis of HUVECs was inhibited by the overexpression of miR-155 and increased significantly due to the inhibition of miR-155. Notably, the elevation of miR-155 expression prevented increased apoptosis of Galpha12-deficient HUVECs. CONCLUSION: From these results, we conclude that Galpha12 protects HUVECs from serum withdrawal-induced apoptosis by retaining miR-155 expression. This suggests that Galpha12 might play a protective role in vascular endothelial cells by regulating the expression of microRNAs.