Secondary Hypertension Caused by Endocrine Disorders Except Primary Aldosteronism and Pheochromocytoma / 대한내과학회지

ABSTRACT

Secondary hypertension can account for 15% of hypertension cases. The causes of secondary hypertension mostly come from renal diseases, such as renal parenchymal or renovascular disease, and endocrine diseases. The importance of diagnosing secondary hypertension lies in the fact that it may convert an incurable disease into a potentially curable disease. Even if the underlying disease may not be curable, being able to offer disease specific treatments may often make blood pressure control much easier. The causes of endocrine hypertension include primary aldosteronism, pheochromocytoma, Cushing's syndrome, acromegaly, hyper- or hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism and other mineralocorticoid hypertension (e.g. apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome, Liddle's syndrome). Primary aldosteronsim, pheochromocytoma, and Cushing's syndrome are among the common causes of endocrine hypertension. The first step in evaluating a patient with suspected endocrine-related hypertension is to exclude other secondary causes, particularly renal disorders. An accurate diagnosis of endocrine hypertension provides the clinician a unique treatment opportunity. This topic review will summarize rare causes of endocrine hypertension except primary aldosteronism and pheochromocytoma.