A Comparative Study of Dietary Intake among Urban Japanese and Chinese Aged 50$\sim$79

ABSTRACT

This study examined the difference in dietary intake between middle−aged and elderly Japanese and Chinese. Volunteers aged 50∼79 living in two cities in both Japan and China were recruited in local community service centers and were asked to complete a 3−day diet recording. The final results were based on 356 subjects (166 Chinese and 190 Japanese). In men, the Japanese subjects significantly consumed more energy, with a large proportion of the energy coming from carbohydrates, dietary fiber, vitamin A, vitamin B2, vitamin C and they consumed less iron, and a lower proportion of energy from protein and fat than in the Chinese subjects. In women, the Japanese subjects had significantly higher intakes of energy, the proportion of energy from carbohydrates, dietary fiber, calcium, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C and they consumed less iron, with the proportion of energy from protein and from fat in comparison with the Chinese women. Fat intake provided more than 29% of the total dietary energy in Chinese subjects. Daily intake of food items was significantly greater in the Japanese participants, both men and women (18.54±2.85, 20.11±2.40, respectively), than in the Chinese subjects (14.11±3.62, 15.51±4.15, respectively) (p<0.01 by Mann Whitney U−test). The present study suggests that the middle−aged and elderly Chinese subjects should increase their variety of foods consumed while decreasing their consumption of high−fat foods. For the Japanese subjects, the higher intake of total calories among the woman should also be noted.