Epidemiological investigation of adult chronic kidney disease in urban communities of Zhengzhou city / 中华肾脏病杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To study the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among adults in Zhengzhou. Methods One thousand eight hundred and fifty five residents (≥ 20 years) from 4 communities in 4 districts of Zhengzhou city were randomly selected by using a stratified,multistage sampling. They were interviewed, and received physical examination and measurements of urine and blood for renal damage as well as risk factors. Results Eligible data of 1752 subjects were included in the study. After the adjustment of age and gender component, albuminuria was found in 5.78% of the subjects, hematuria in 8.19%, and reduced renal function in 1.58%. Male had lower prevalence of albuminuria and hematuria (4.37% vs 7.29%, X2=6.252, P=0.012; 5.08% vs 11.51%, X2=24.499, P＜0.01), but higher prevalence of reduced eGFR(2.26% vs 0.86%, X2=5.830, P=0.016) as compared with female. The prevalence of albuminuria and reduced eGFR increased with age. The crude prevalence of CKD was 14.50%, while the standardized rate was 13.57%. The prevalence of female was higher than that of male (17.83% vs 9.59%, X2=23.132, P＜0.O1), which also increased with age. The most common manifestations of CKD were hematuria and albuminuria. Gender, age, smoking, hypertension,diabetes mellitus, obesity and hyperuricaemia were independently associated with CKD. The awareness rate of CKD was 8.27% and only 7.09% of the subjects received treatment. Conclusions The prevalence of CKD is 13.57% and the recognition is 8.27% in urban adult population of Zhengzhou.lndependent risk factors associated with kidney damage are gender, age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity and hyperuricaemia.