Tissue-engineered bone repairs sheep alveolar bone defects / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:Fol owing physicochemical treatment and high-temperature calcinations, heterogeneous biological bone becomes a ceramic-like heterologous bone forming a similar structure to the human bone that is a natural network pore structure, which is conducive to seed cel adhesion and proliferation. OBJECTIVE:To observe the feasibility of constructing tissue-engineered bone through combination of sintered bone and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s to repair alveolar defects. METHODS:Sheep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s as seed cel s were combined with the high temperature sintered bone as scaffold materials to construct tissue-engineered bone. Under general anesthesia, sheep bilateral mandibular first premolars were removed in batches, the alveolar ridge space between the distal root and mesial root of the second premolar to form a bone defect area of 5 mm×5 mm×5 mm. Twelve experimental sheep were equal y randomized into tissue-engineered bone group and sintered bone group, which were implanted with tissue-engineered bone and sintered bone, respectively, at the left surgical area of the mandible. The right surgical area was considered as blank control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After high-temperature calcinations, the sintered bone was chalk in color, exhibiting a porous structure as the natural cancel ous bone. The porosity was (66.10±1.32)%, and the pore size was between 137.44μm and 538.72μm. After 24 hours of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s inoculated to the sintered bone, a large number of cel s are visible adherent to the scaffold;up to day 7, extracel ular matrix was secreted and there was no clear boundary between the cel s and the matrix. X-ray films showed that the tissue-engineered bone and pure sintered bone implants were embedded in the surgical area, and there was a low-density shadow at the edge of the sintered bone. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed bone trabecular formation at the experimental side, but no obvious bone formation at the control ed side. Tissue-engineered bone prepared by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s and sintered bone can better repair sheep alveolar bone defects, which is an ideal seed cel and scaffold material for smal range bone defects.