Retrospective analysis of t (8;21) acute myeloid leukemia patients with MICM classification / 白血病·淋巴瘤

ABSTRACT

Objective To study the significance of morphologic, immunophenotype, cytogenetic features, molecular biology (MICM) and prognosis of t (8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients.Methods Morphological, FAB subtypes, flow cytometric immunophenotyping, G-binding technique and RTPCR were performed in 70 AML patients with t (8;21) and AML1-ETO fusion transcripts as compared with normal karyotype 70 AML patients. Results In 70 AML patients with t(8;21), 1 case of M1, 64 cases of M2, 3cases of M4 and 2 cases of ambiguity AL according to FAB classification. The CD13, CD33, CD34 and CD117expression were higher, meanwhile CD19 was positive in 40 %, CD15 was 11%, CD11b was 10 % and CD7 was 7 %. Cytogenetically, 50 % cases had additional chromosomal abnormalities, and main associated recurrent additional abnormalities were loss of a sex chromosome, 9q- and hyperdiploid. AML1/ETO fusion gene transcripts were detected in all 70 AML patients with t(8;21) by RT-PCR. CR rate of t(8;21) AML with CD19were 72 %, t(8;21) AML with CD19 and CD7 were 0; in normal karyotype AML were 31%. Conclusion The t(8;21) is the characteristic chromosome abnormality of M2. In the t(8;21), CD19, CD34 and CD117 expression are high, while CD7 are low. These antigen expression in t(8;21) AML closely correlated with karyotype. CD19 is a marker of good prognosis, but CD7 is a marker of low CR.