The Effects of 4-DMAP, PAPP. HC1, NaNO_2,and C0_2-EDTA on Liver and Kidney Functions and Blood Constituents / 第三军医大学学报

ABSTRACT

The effects of 4 efficacious cyanide antidotes, 4-dimethylaminophenol (4-DMAP) , P-aminopropiophenone hydrochloride (PAPP. HC1), NaNO2, and di-cobalt ethyleneamino-tetraacetate (Co2-EDTA), on the liver and kidney functions and on the blood gases and serum levels of lactate and potassium were investigated in rabbits. The former 3 agents can convert hemoglobin into me-themoglobin, and the dosages that are required to convert 30~35% of total hemoglobin into methemoglobjn are 15mg/kg, 35mg/kg, and 55 mg/kg for 4-DMAP, PAPP . HC1 and NaNO2 respectively. Obviously, 4-DMAP is the most potent one. Co2-EDTA can directly combine with cyanides to form nontoxic complex without affecting hemoglobin.According to the results of the 2-hour observation on the acute experiments in rabbits, all the 4 agents exert no harmful effects on the liver functions. 4-DMAP and PAPP. HC1 are also not harmful to the kidneys. But serum urea nitrogen was increased to 204% above the normal 30 minutes after intravenous NaNO2 (110 mg/kg) , and to 171% 90 minutes after intravenous Co2-EDTA(40 mg/kg) . Apparently, both the agents are injurious to the renal functions.4-DMAP can decrease the blood level of lactate. NaNO2 exerts most marked effect on the serum level of potassium. After the administration of 55 mg/kg and 110 mg/kg of NaNO2/the serum potassium level was increased 2.5 and 4.5 fold respectively. The larger the dose of NaNO2, the higher the serum potassium level, and more quickly the elevation of potassium level occurs.4-DMAP has a transient action on the arterial Po2 which usually returns to normal in 30 minutes. The action of NaNO2 and PAPP. HC1 on the blood gases are essentially similar, they can quickly lower the arterial Po2 but its recovery to normal is sluggish.