Differentiation of adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells in vitro / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In recent years, there are some effects on using pancreatic islet cell or pancreas transplantation in the treatment of diabetes. But there are still two major problems lack of donor and immune rejection. Mesenchymal stem cells can be induced to islet-like cells in vitro. OBJECTIVE: To study the progress in the differentiation of insulin secretion cells induced by mesenchymal stem cells. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY A computer-based online search of Pubmed was undertaken for the related English articles dated from August 1997 to August 2007 with the of "mesenchymal stem cells,insulin secreting cell". At the same time, we searched China Journal Full-Text Database for the related Chinese articles published between August 1997 and August 2007 with the same key words. Total retrieved 108 literatures which are firstly selected into the inclusive criteria ①The articles focusing on the mesenchymal stem cells induced differentiation into insulin secreting cells. ②choose articles at the same field or published in authoritative magazine published in the recent time. Exclusive criteria ①Repeated experiments or ②Meta analysis articles. LITERATURE EVALUATION All the literatures are about the differentiation of insulin secretion cells induced by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Of the 30 selected literatures, 2 are reviews and the others are clinical or basic experiment study. DATA SYNTHESIS: ①Because the pancreas is similar to the nervous system in the mechanism of development and control, now people think that nerve growth factor may be the key signal to the pancreas development. Mesenchymal stem cells have an ability of multi-differentiation; it can be induced into nestin positive cells by using epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. Mesenchymal stem cells will be further induced to pancreatic cells if we add conditioned medium as the appropriate micro-environment for islet cells. ②Now identification and functional study of insulin-like cells are for the following areas observe whether there is islet-like cells group gathered by cell morphology; test insulin, glucagons and somatostatin expression after induction; test insulin and glucagons gene expression using RT-PCR method after induction; to study the function of induced pancreatic cells by using glucose-stimulated insulin release test. CONCLUSION: As the research about mesenchymal stem cells can be induced islet-like cell in vitro becoming ever-changing technology, it becomes a new program of cell therapy to diabetes in face of all problems. According to all the present experimental results, the insulin secretion of induced pancreatic islet cells is much smaller than the normal amount of insulin secretion. Therefore, how to induce efficiently with human physiology of islet cell in vitro and then transplant safely into the human body will bring a new leap of diabetes treatment.